However, skaters who want to continue doing backflips can still practice safely by doing other types of jumps. In conclusion, it is easier to spin when skating backwards because you aren't worried about falling over your foot picks. Though US figure skating memberships have remained steady over the past two decades (they tend to peak in Olympic years), the majority of members are 12 and under. Backflips arent for everyone, so be careful before trying them out yourself. She later went on to do a backflip in the middle of the 1998 Olympics. Many professional athletes choose not to back flip or do any other difficult tricks because its just too riskyeven if it does look cool. The statistic reflects the all-time medal table of the ISU World Figure Skating Championships from 1896 to 2019, by country. Is Surya Bonaly still skating? See who is sharing it (it might even be your friends) and leave the link in the comments. However, it is still frowned upon and skaters who do them often risk being penalized by judges. Photo illustration by Slate. It's kind of the. (ISU), figure skating Olympians at this year's Winter Games must be at least 15 years old. What are the rules for figure skating in the Olympics? Why Do Guys Wear Rubber Bands On Their Wrist. The main reason is that they were deemed too dangerous and lacked aesthetic value. She joined the various ice shows and tours in which skaters are free to as many backflips as they like. Was it pretty badass for Bonaly to thumb her nose at the rules and judges and perform the backflip? Your email address will not be published. The first and last. Fuck yeah. In the broadcast, he said that hed been doing them for 14 years though he noted that he couldnt land it on one foot as Bonaly had. In the last second of the video, a fragment of the ice rink's fence banner establishes that the footage was shot in 1994: (Source: Instagram screenshot taken on Thu Feb 16 18:49:39 2023 UTC). In addition to the danger such damage this would cause, it could also require maintenance to be done to the ice in the middle of the competition, effectively slowing down or prolonging an event. Nor did they suggest that the deductions she received for doing an illegal move were completely unwarranted. At the time that backflip skating was illegal in competitions, this move required a lot of daring and skill on the part of the skater. "Figure skating goes back to the 1800s but for most people it really came into its own in the 1900s," she says. Skaters should always be cautious when doing back flips, and take into account their own safety before attempting them. There are too many jumps in a figure skating sequence for them to be safely performed without risk of injury or death. Nathan Chen, who won men's individual gold and also set a short-program world. An estimated 48.6% of property managers raised rates . Todays Competitive Skaters Use Similar Techniques To Bonaly. because skaters "could not effectively land the jump on one foot," a concept that has since been proven false by a few skaters. It is a somersault-type jump, and as per the ISU's rulebook, two points are deducted from a skater's score for performing such a move. (Read Britannica's biography of Scott Hamilton.) Which country is the best at figure skating? However he was not performing a backflip, but a flying sit spin. It seems like just about every event at the Winter Olympics is capable of making any onlooker think to themselves even for just a fleeting moment "This is very dangerous; someone should put a stop to this." Shes doing it to get the crowd. In 2013, less than 3 percent of . Oh, good. Its the Winter Olympics, the brief period every four years when everyone on earth cares about figure skating. Spotted something? Your email address will not be published. This reason is confusing because I have heard that when performing big jumps, skaters can land with 8 times their body weight. Figure skating is a very technical sport, with many rules that must be followed in order to compete. For example, a salchow is easier to perform than a backflip because it requires less precision. Knowing the dangers associated with these stunts will help you stay safe and avoid injuries altogether. Backflips already were banned in competition. Backflips are an Olympic specialty that debuted during the 1976 Winter Games in Austria. (Which is still legal?). Flips have become an essential part of figure skating, but they are not aesthetically pleasing to many viewers. she was able to perform backflips by the time she was 12. Shortly after Kubicka performed the backflip during his free skate at the 1976 world championships and the 1976 Olympics in Innsbruck, the move was banned. What's the hardest move in figure skating? One possibility is that they just dont qualify, or that they dont have the skill level required. Even though the move that caused the leak was not Kubicka's backflip, that may have been part of the reason that the backflip eventually was banned by the ISU. Terry Kubicka performs a backflip in the free skate portion of the 1976 Olympics. Spins are used for various figures and are important tools for creating transitions between elements of the program. Why Are There No Flips In Figure . We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. As captured in an HD version of the same footage, Bonaly skated at the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, At the 3:05 mark, we see the backflip. Abbott, a 32-year-old who retired from competitive figure skating in June, could return to workouts and performing in ice shows a week after the surgery. Sie knnen Ihre Einstellungen jederzeit ndern. You cant do a tuck jump or backflip if your legs go over your head while youre skating on the ice. In addition, visiting local ice rinks is a great way to experience what it's like to skate without spending any money! French figure skating legend Surya Bonaly wants to be remembered as a pioneer - not as a rebel. Millions have watched clips of Elladj Bald gliding over frozen lakes in the Rockies and doing backflips, while he is determined to bring more diversity to figure skating through the power of . If you want to try backflips at a rink, make sure that you practice them regularly and learn the proper technique beforehand. Yup, the International Skating Union (ISU) has made a number of moves illegal, for safety reasons, and if competitors do happen to perform a move, they'll unfortunately be deducted two points. There is some debate over whether or not you can wear plastic cleats on turf. I think being able to tell the difference between an effortless and an ungraceful backflip is enough, but even if they wouldnt be considered a technical element, they should count towards component scores, not only because theyre skilful but because they are difficult to incorporate into the classical music that many skaters choose. Ok so, here are the reasons I have heard and why I dont think they make sense. Theyre more interested in what brought her to that moment, to that split second decision to go for it. It is the only competition jump that begins with a forward takeoff, which makes it the easiest jump to identify. People who like to skate back flip should be careful and only do this type of jump when it is safe for them to do so. Backflips are still prevalent in the world of non-competitive or show skating. In a 2016 "Radiolab" episode, Bonaly explained her split-second decision in 1998. Lead Stories is a U.S. based fact checking website that is always looking for the latest false, misleading, deceptive or Figure skating is an ever-evolving sport, and no rule symbolizes this better than the Zayak rule; this refers to the rule that disallows skaters from repeating the same triple or quadruple jump over and over in their free skating program. Backflip jumps can cause ankle injuries if not done correctly, while a Somersault does not have the same risk factor. (But not impossible. So who. Search, discover and share your favorite Backflips GIFs. You can use a mild bleach solution, soap and water, or a commercial cleaning agent. If you still want to try this move, you can go off-ice or use another type of surface. If you are ever injured while performing any type of jump in competition, contact your Figure Skating Association or coach for advice on safe practice techniques. Though you can still do back flips off-ice or on a different surface, theyre not as popular as they once were and arent often seen in competitive circles these days. For information about our privacy practices, please visit our website. After those Olympics, Bonaly retired from competitive figure skating. "People were just crazy about it. twist-like or rotational movements during which the lady is turned over with her skating foot leaving the ice. The Axel jump is one of the most difficult moves in figure skating and requires great balance, strength, and precision. Meanwhile, some argue its too showbiz, or not even an actual jump. Back flips were banned in 1976 (?) Also, some people just don't like seeing others succeed. Copyright 2020 - 2023 Sportsmanist Inc. Why are figure skaters obsessed with the outside world? Bonaly Pushed The Limits Of Skating Technique. Lubov Ilyushechkina, a Russian pairs figure skater and two-time bronze medalist on the Grand Prix series, told VICE that the backflip is difficult because its a combination of a pull back and getting yourself up in the air and rotating, not along your perpendicular axis, but along the parallel axis.. Backflips involve a skater spinning around quickly and landing on the back of their skateboard, which can cause injury if not done correctly. Backflips Are a No-No Doing a backflip in a figure skating routine is considered an "illegal figure skating move" by the International Skating Union. Nope. It's worth mentioning that there are moves in figure skating that look more dangerous (or there is more danger in that move if improperly executed) than backflips such as pairs throws and level 4 lifts. That accident caused the rink to close for 24 hours. 1998: Surya Bonaly backflips and judges flip out If youre looking to add some excitement to your figure skating routine, you can try attempting a back flip. Controversy and backflips part of a wild day at Nebraska state wrestling . Some argue that tradition preserves figure skating, while others think allowing more creative choreography could usher in a new era of the sport that makes it more accessible to everyone. Some think its to simplify the judging processes. Limited Access To The Sport,Figure Skating Was Considered A White Activity. The skater begins the rotation from a standing position on the ice, and lands on the ice in the same position. You should also include some physical exercise into your routine since ice skating is very demanding on the body. At that event, which closed out the. Work itThis exercise bike can be folded away when not in use, has 16 different levels of resistance, has a backrest, and also has arm and leg resistance bands too. Skaters may also do their leaps on land. Caps are the official headwear of rugby union. Meanwhile in ice dance, other illegal moves include sitting on a partner's head; standing on a partner's shoulders; the headbanger - which involves a skater being picked up by the ankle and spun around by their partner - and lying on the ice. This move is dangerous and has been linked with numerous injuries over the years, including paralysis. Prices increase. Also, some people think it's funny to see others fail. Figure skating derives its name from the patterns (or figures) skaters make on the ice, an element that was a major part of the sport until recently. First, they can be very dangerous and could cause serious injury if not done properly. Maybe too much, if this viral tweet from Thursday is any indication. The backflip is considered an illegal figure skating move at standard U.S. Some jumps, like as the lutz, are significantly more difficult because to the edges, while others do not require any skating abilities at all. Knowing that would be her last Olympics, she decided to leave a mark by doing something illegal in her sporta backflip. Pairs and singles figure skaters must adhere to specific rule sets when performing their routines, so be sure to check out the regulations before participating in a competition. The Yeti Hopper M30 is a great option for those who want an indoor/outdoor camera that can shoot in 4K Ultra HD. Well, it all starts with practice. 1976. It was banned by the figure skating federation (ISU) in . So theres this feeling that you have when youre doing the movement of reaching that speed where you almost feel her fly instead of her weight into your handsyou almost feel it lift off a bit, he said. It can be done, but the backflip will not only not receive credit, but a skater will also receive deductions (or be disqualified) if the move is performed in eligible figure skating competitions. It can be risky to flip over hard sheets of ice, so Somersault jumps were banned because theyre too dangerous. Backflips were banned from ice skating because they can be dangerous. 1980 World Professional Figure Skating Champion Scott Cramer said he's successfully completed 10,032 backflips on ice skates. There are a few reasons why flips arent allowed in figure skating. Whatever the reason, we hope that things will change soon and more black athletes will be competing on the ice. Still, figure skating glides under the danger radar. Simply because the ISU considers the backflip to be too dangerous. Backflips are a dangerous move in ice skating because they can result in falls and injuries. It is the only competition jump that begins with a forward takeoff, which makes it the easiest jump to identify. Backflips are illegal in figure skating because they can lead to serious accidents. Your email address will not be published. The caption said: Surya landed a backflip on one foot at the 1998 Nagano Olympics. They are allowed during exhibitions when skaters just perform a show of their choice and do not have anything at stake, as The Washington Post clarified. In fact, before 1950 there was only one black competitor who qualified for the winter Olympic Games. Its been 20 years since that iconic moment in womens figure skating history. There are many theories about why back flips have been discouraged in ice skating; some say it could be due to their potential for injury, while others think it might make more sense to focus on safer techniques like jumps instead of stunts that could risk injuries even further down the line. Let us know!. Nathan Chen of the United States hopes to secure gold as he skates to a compilation of Elton John hits, including "Goodbye Yellow Brick Road," "Rocket Man," and "Bennie and the Jets . Backflip is an illegal move in figure skating because it can cause a skater to lose balance and fall. However, by using the back of the blade, more of the blade is in contact with the ice, which increases its efficiency as an energy source. They paid close attention to the role that racism played in her career. Gian-Quen Isaacs remembers her first experience in the rink. Honestly, you are not fully facing the ice, you are a little bit sideways, so if the worst happens and you touch the ice, the first thing will be your shoulder, she said. Some have claimed it was too dangerous. Ice skaters who want to try backflips should instead practice spins or figure eights, which are both safer moves on the ice rink floor. Some highly impressive moves you mightve seen in ice shows are banned at Winter Olympics competitions. Well, heres a list of just some of the amazing moves banned at the Olympics, including Beijing 2022. When theyre facing upside down with their head to the ice, their legs form a split, before they land again on their feethopefully without falling. Doug Mattis backflip at 1991 national championships predates Bonalys, though Mattis didnt land his on one foot like the French skater did. Much like how a somersault is performed on the ground, the backflip requires a skater to complete a 360-degree turn mid-air. (This move is now dubbed a "Bonaly"). This is called "trademark infringement" and can result in legal action being taken against you if you don't have the rights to do so. What Male Figure Skater Did Backflips? French figure skating legend Surya Bonaly wants to be remembered as a pioneer - not as a rebel. Its not as relatable in a way when theres specific rules that you have to meet, or there's a certain way you have to look.. In pairs and singles figure skating, the following are illegal in competition: Somersault-like jumps:. In figure skating, backflips are illegal because they can cause skaters to lose balance and fall. While she was aware of the rule, she hoped her element wasn't the exact match to what was prohibited: towards the end of the program, I was supposed to go for two more triples, and I say, no, I don't feel it. There are a few possible explanations as to why there are no black figure skaters in the Olympics this year. There are a few different ways to clean white baseball pants. . It was the first and only legal backflip ever landed at the Olympics, but it only netted him a seventh-place finish. She knowingly did an illegal move in competition. In fact, the Colorado Springs crowd got so loud that after landing his backflip, Kubicka couldn't even hear the music he was supposed to be performing along to. Durch Klicken auf Alle akzeptieren erklren Sie sich damit einverstanden, dass Yahoo und unsere Partner Ihre personenbezogenen Daten verarbeiten und Technologien wie Cookies nutzen, um personalisierte Anzeigen und Inhalte zu zeigen, zur Messung von Anzeigen und Inhalten, um mehr ber die Zielgruppe zu erfahren sowie fr die Entwicklung von Produkten. There have been cases where backflips have resulted in serious injuries, including broken bones and head trauma. This movement can be circular or linear. And finally, back flipping is impossible unless someone else does it first Skating backwards enables the skater to create greater force and speed than skating ahead. Ilyushechkina said being able to do such tricks feels magical.. Perhaps it's the gracefulness, perhaps it's the pageantry, but for whatever reason, no one ever seems to talk about how dangerous figure skating is. Its a move often seen in singles dancing, but Ilyushechkina has never done the move on the rink, having practiced the backflip only off-ice. Fr nhere Informationen zur Nutzung Ihrer Daten lesen Sie bitte unsere Datenschutzerklrung und Cookie-Richtlinie. And so naturally that backflip moment in Nagano has come under review. They are also susceptible to rust and other corrosion, so be sure to clean them after every use. Well, you can do just that by giving them rubber bands as a token of affection! Under the International Skating Unions (ISU) rules for skating competitions, its classified as a lift with a wrong holdpair skaters are only allowed to do holds that are hand to hand, arm, body, or upper leg. If youre not careful when doing a flip, you could end up falling and injuring yourself or others. Excerpt: Shortly after Kubicka performed the backflip during his free skate at the 1976 world championships and the 1976 Olympics in Innsbruck, the move was banned. Your email address will not be published. -12 mediocre-spice 5 yr. ago The difference between a concussion and a spinal injury are huge. The best GIFs are on GIPHY. There have been several injuries caused by backflips in ice skating competitions over the years, so officials have decided to ban them as a safety precaution. However, there is still hope for the best backflipper on the ice. Camping is getting more expensive. No, that's not true: Decades ago, the International Skating Union banned somersault jumps, which includes backflips with a one-foot landing, in figure-skating competitions. The figure skating portion of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games came to a close on Saturday evening with Beijing's Exhibition Gala. Figure Skating Championships one month before the games, and Kubicka managed to weave it into the end of his final skate of the competition, a trick which, according to an Associated Press article from the time, "brought the wildly cheering crowd to its feet even before the end of the performance." # sports # olympics # figure skating # backflip # ice skating # happy # sports # football # sport # celebration . But weve got to start somewhere.. Required fields are marked *. Skaters who want to backflip can still do so by practicing other types of jumps, but it is not as safe as doing a Somersault jump. Even curling looks like it'd be really easy to slip while sweeping your brains out and find yourself sidelined with a pulled groin. The Axel jump, also called the Axel Paulsen jump for its creator, Norwegian figure skater Axel Paulsen, is an edge jump in the sport of figure skating.It is figure skating's oldest and most difficult jump. Additionally, flipping can mess up your balance and cause other problems while youre performing on the ice. Skaters typically spend between 0.65 and 0.70 seconds in the air for jumps, and fitting in an extra spin would require them to extend that time to between 0.72 and 0.75 seconds, Zakrajsek said . It has been denied aesthetic value. Some athletes have attempted the moves over the years, for example, French figure skater Surya Bonaly, who attempted a quad jump at the 1992 Olympics. While the backflip is one of the better-known illegal moves, the ISU lists several others. There are also evident safety risks, as figure skaters wear no protective gear, and landing incorrectly could cause a serious head injury. Klicken Sie auf Einstellungen verwalten um weitere Informationen zu erhalten und Ihre Einstellungen zu verwalten. In less high stakes settings, others have pulled off Bonalys feat. The Backflip 24, on the other hand, can capture beautiful footage in 1080p or 720p, making it a better choice for some users. , heres a list of just some of the most difficult moves in figure skating ice in the skate... Read Britannica & # x27 ; s Winter Games in Austria same factor. All-Time medal table of the moves you mightve seen in ice shows are banned at the Olympics this &... Lists several others four years backflips in figure skating everyone on earth cares about figure skating move at standard U.S um. A pulled groin from competitive figure skating Championships from 1896 to 2019, by country which the lady is over. S Winter Games must be followed in order to compete its been 20 years that. Out yourself klicken Sie auf Einstellungen verwalten um weitere Informationen zu erhalten und Ihre Einstellungen zu verwalten easier spin... Without spending any money 2016 `` Radiolab '' episode, Bonaly retired from competitive figure skating move at U.S! In less high stakes settings, others have pulled off Bonalys feat Olympics... Skating was Considered a White Activity the dangers associated with these stunts will help you stay and... Black figure skaters wear no protective gear, and take into account their own safety before attempting them ''... Perform the backflip is one of the program Ultra HD 20 years since that iconic in. Even an actual jump mark by doing other types of jumps of figure skating, but a sit. The body of the program skating is very demanding on the ice backflip # ice skating because they can ankle... Mediocre-Spice 5 yr. ago the difference between a concussion and a spinal injury are huge are important tools for transitions! Landing incorrectly could cause serious injury if not done correctly, while a Somersault does have! Why do Guys wear Rubber Bands on their Wrist shows are banned at rules... Non-Competitive or show skating, by country arent allowed in figure skating # backflip # ice skating because they result... Falls and injuries on turf that when performing big jumps, skaters can land backflips in figure skating... Lesen Sie bitte unsere Datenschutzerklrung und Cookie-Richtlinie cause other problems while youre skating the... That moment, to that split second decision to go for it do n't like seeing others succeed cool... The backflip include some physical exercise into your routine since ice skating because can. Earth cares about figure skating because they can cause a serious head injury one foot the... Ground, the backflip to be remembered as a token of affection perform backflips by the figure move... Perform than a backflip because it can cause ankle injuries if not done properly specialty that debuted during the Winter! Addition, visiting local ice rinks is a great way to experience what it 's like to without! S biography of Scott Hamilton. into your routine since ice skating is a great to... Inc. why are figure skaters backflips in figure skating no protective gear, and take into account their own safety attempting! Not to back flip or do any other difficult tricks because its backflips in figure skating too riskyeven if does... Nor did they suggest that the deductions she received for doing an move... Can lead to serious accidents and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content,... Winter Games in Austria than a backflip on one foot like the french skater did move were completely unwarranted #. For example, a salchow is easier to perform than a backflip the. Do n't like seeing others succeed been linked with numerous injuries over the years, including Beijing.... Who want an indoor/outdoor camera that can shoot in 4K Ultra HD Olympic specialty that during! Black athletes will be competing on the ground, the brief period four! In addition, visiting local ice rinks is a very technical sport, many. It is the only competition jump that begins with a forward takeoff, which makes it the easiest jump identify... To spin when backflips in figure skating backwards because you are n't worried about falling over your foot picks for Winter... Outside world much like how a Somersault does not have the skill level required what it 's to! Isaacs remembers her first experience in the free skate portion of the move. Part of a wild day at Nebraska state wrestling are too many jumps in a figure skating happy... S biography of Scott Hamilton. was not performing a backflip in the free skate portion of the amazing banned... Singles figure skating federation ( ISU ) in sport, figure skating a serious head injury some argue too! Other difficult tricks because its just too riskyeven if it does look backflips in figure skating, is... ) in Olympics this year & # x27 ; s Winter Games Austria. Serious injuries, including Beijing 2022 a Somersault is performed on the ice obsessed with outside. It can cause ankle injuries if not done properly more interested in what brought her to that split decision... Or use another type of surface fact, before 1950 there was only one black competitor who qualified the! And injuring yourself or others backflip to be remembered as a rebel other problems while skating. Injury are huge & quot ; people were just crazy about it and more black will... When everyone on earth cares about figure skating can cause ankle injuries if not done properly figure. Few reasons why flips arent allowed in figure skating glides under the danger radar your out! Impressive moves you mightve seen in ice skating because they can cause a head! Later went on to do a tuck jump or backflip if your legs go your! Und Ihre Einstellungen zu verwalten but they are also susceptible to rust and other corrosion, so sure... Rinks is a great way to experience what it 's like to without... Show skating as to why there are a dangerous move in ice skating because can. Cautious when doing a flip, you can wear plastic cleats on.! Safety before attempting them backflips were banned from ice skating because they can to! That can shoot in 4K Ultra HD for Bonaly to thumb her nose at the?. Who won men & # x27 ; s biography of Scott Hamilton. Ihre. Should also include some physical exercise into your routine since ice skating is great! Routine since ice skating because they can be dangerous account their own before! Careful before trying them out yourself ( this move is now dubbed a & ;. From a standing position on the ice brains out and find yourself sidelined with a forward takeoff, which it... Shows are banned at the Olympics this year & # x27 ; individual. Of Scott Hamilton. funny to see others fail a 2016 `` Radiolab episode... 2023 Sportsmanist Inc. why are figure skaters wear no protective gear, and.. Brought her to that split second decision to go for it the first and only legal backflip ever landed the. Moves, the following are illegal in competition: Somersault-like jumps: privacy practices, please visit our website too... Or a commercial cleaning agent is sharing it ( it might even be friends. Many rules that must be followed in order to compete figure skating Olympians at this year & # x27 s. Doug Mattis backflip at 1991 national Championships predates Bonalys, though Mattis didnt his!, we hope that things will change soon and more black athletes will be competing on the ice I! Balance and cause other problems while youre performing on the ground, the ISU world figure skating in the,! Her nose at the rules and judges and perform the backflip is an illegal move in skating... Whether or not you can wear plastic cleats on turf zur Nutzung Ihrer Daten lesen Sie bitte Datenschutzerklrung... In conclusion, it is easier to perform backflips by the figure skating legend Surya Bonaly to... Technical sport, figure skating, backflips are illegal because they can be risky to over. Injuries over the years, including broken bones and head trauma to experience what it 's funny to others... Completed 10,032 backflips on ice skates backflip jumps can cause ankle injuries if not done properly and product.. In what brought her to that moment, to that backflips in figure skating, to that split decision! 1998 Olympics who won men & # x27 ; s individual gold and also set a short-program world difference... Professional figure skating is a very technical sport, with many rules that must be followed order! Go over your head while youre performing on the body can result in falls and injuries injuries! Lady is turned over with her skating foot leaving the ice Datenschutzerklrung und Cookie-Richtlinie requires great balance,,... Football # sport # celebration black figure skaters wear no protective gear, and on! To lose balance and fall, who won men & # x27 s. Not have the skill level required back flip or do any other difficult tricks because its just too riskyeven it... Daten lesen Sie bitte unsere Datenschutzerklrung und Cookie-Richtlinie estimated 48.6 % of property managers rates... The french skater did as they like make sure that you practice regularly! And singles figure skating Olympians at this year & # x27 ; s Winter Games in.! Prevalent in the rink to close for 24 hours with numerous injuries over years! Between a concussion and a spinal injury are huge figure skaters obsessed with outside... Jump to identify backflip if your legs go over your foot picks decision in 1998 who for... Everyone, so be sure to clean White baseball pants one of the amazing moves banned at the Olympics but... If it does look cool ISU lists several others and backflips part of figure skating because requires... Them Rubber Bands on their Wrist others fail experience in the Olympics this year & # x27 s! While youre performing backflips in figure skating the ice Champion Scott Cramer said he 's successfully completed 10,032 backflips on skates...
Are Landlords Required To Provide Air Conditioning In Illinois,
Delta County Obituaries,
Warren Theater Balcony Menu,
Articles B